Vernal conjunctivitis

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Eye

Definition

Vernal conjunctivitis is swelling (inflammation) of the outer lining of the eyes due to an allergic reaction.

Causes, incidence, and risk factors

Vernal conjunctivitis often occurs in people with a strong family history of allergies. It is most common during the spring and summer.

The condition causes itchy, watery eyes. The underside of the eyelids may become rough and covered with bumps and a whitish mucus. The area around the cornea where the white of the eye and the cornea meet (limbus) may become rough and swollen. If this swelling and roughness moves over the cornea, it may cause scarring and decreased vision.

Symptoms

• Burning eyes
• Discomfort in bright light (photophobia)
• Itching eyes
• Watering eyes

Signs and tests

The health care provider will perform an eye exam.

Treatment

Avoid rubbing the eyes, because this can irritate them more.

Cold compresses (a clean cloth soaked in cold water and then placed over the eyes) may be soothing. The health care provider may prescribe topical corticosteroids to reduce the inflammation. Cromolyn sodium or antihistamine drops may also be prescribed.

Expectations (prognosis)

The condition continues over time, and gets worse during certain seasons of the year. Treatment may provide relief.

Complications

• Continuing discomfort
• Reduced vision
• Scarring of cornea

Calling your health care provider

Call your health care provider if your symptoms continue or get worse.

Prevention

Using air conditioning or moving to a cooler climate may help prevent the problem from getting worse in the future.

Review Date: 1/25/2008

Reviewed by: Manju Subramanian, MD, Assistant Professor in Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Disease and Surgery, Boston University Eye Associates, Boston, MA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

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